Common Faults and Solutions of Chain Grate
As an important combustion equipment in industrial boilers, the long-term stable operation of chain grate is crucial to industrial production. However, in actual use, various faults often occur in the chain grate, affecting the normal operation of the boiler, reducing production efficiency, and even causing potential safety hazards. The following will elaborate on the common faults of the chain grate and the corresponding solutions. For more related information, you can visit [News Page of Henan Hanyu Boiler Co., Ltd.](https://www.hanyuboiler.com/news).
I. Deviation of the Grate
(I) Fault Manifestation When the chain grate is running, it shifts to one side as a whole, causing the grate to frequently rub against the side plate of the furnace body, emitting abnormal sounds. There will be wear marks at the severely rubbed area. The smooth operation of the grate is disturbed. In severe cases, the grate will get stuck and cannot rotate normally.
(II) Solution
1. Re-measure and adjust the parallelism of the front and rear axles to meet the installation standard requirements. For the axle shafts with excessive bending, straighten or replace them to ensure that the force on each part of the grate during operation is uniform.
2. Carefully inspect the adjusting nuts on both sides of the grate and adjust their tightening degrees to be the same to ensure that the pulling force on both sides of the grate is the same and avoid the grate from deviating due to uneven force.
3. Regularly inspect the wear of the chain and sprocket. When the wear of the sprocket tooth shape seriously affects the meshing with the chain, replace the sprocket in time. For the severely worn chain, it should also be replaced to ensure good meshing between the chain and the sprocket, reduce the swaying of the chain, and thereby prevent the grate from deviating.
II. Falling of Grate Bars
(I) Fault Manifestation During operation, the grate bars fall off the chain. Sometimes it is a single grate bar that falls off, and sometimes it is a group or several groups of grate bars that fall off together. This will cause vacancies on the surface of the grate, and the fuel cannot burn normally in this area, affecting the combustion efficiency and possibly causing unstable operation of the grate.
(II) Solution
1. When purchasing grate bars, select reliable suppliers and strictly inspect the material and manufacturing process of the grate bars to ensure that the quality of the grate bars meets the requirements and avoid the falling off of the grate bars due to quality problems.
2. During the installation of the grate bars, operate strictly in accordance with the installation specifications to ensure that the pins are correctly installed in place and firmly fixed. After the installation is completed, carefully inspect the connection between each grate bar and the chain to avoid loosening.
3. Establish a regular maintenance system and regularly inspect the wear and aging of the grate bars. For the grate bars with severe wear and aging, replace them in time to ensure the normal operation of the grate. At the same time, in daily operation, pay attention to controlling the operating parameters of the grate to reduce excessive loss of the grate bars.
III. Arching of the Grate
(I) Fault Manifestation During operation, the grate bars arch upward, making the surface of the grate no longer flat. The operation of the grate is hindered, the forward speed is uneven, and it may even get stuck due to severe arching and cannot continue to run.
(II) Solution
1. When reinstalling the grate bars, reserve sufficient thermal expansion clearance in accordance with the design requirements to ensure that the grate has enough space to freely extend when heated and expanded, and avoid arching due to mutual extrusion.
2. Check the looseness of the chain. By adjusting the chain tensioning device, properly tighten the chain to restore it to the appropriate tension, which can effectively restrain the grate bars, ensure the uniform gap between the grate bars, and prevent the grate from arching.
3. Inspect the guide rails on both sides of the grate. For the guide rails with bending or deformation, repair and straighten them. If the guide rails are severely damaged and cannot be repaired, replace them with new guide rails in time to ensure the straightness of the guide rails, so that the frictional forces on both sides of the grate during operation are uniform and avoid the grate from arching due to lateral force.
IV. Seizure and Stoppage of the Grate
(I) Fault Manifestation During the operation process, the grate suddenly stops rotating. Although the motor is still running, the grate cannot continue to move forward, and the combustion process of the boiler is forced to be interrupted.
(II) Solution
1. Immediately stop the operation of the grate and clean up the debris in the coal to avoid the mixture of foreign objects again. At the same time, carefully remove the foreign objects stuck between the grate bars or between the grate and other components to ensure that the grate can rotate freely.
2. Replace the broken grate bars, reinstall the fallen pins, and ensure that the grate bars are firmly connected. For the sinking slag stopper (eagle iron), adjust or repair it to restore it to the normal position and avoid contact with the grate.
3. Regularly inspect the lubrication of the sprocket bearings and add oil according to the prescribed time and oil quantity to ensure that the bearings are in good lubrication condition. If severe wear of the bearings is found, replace them in time to ensure smooth rotation of the sprocket and thereby ensure the normal operation of the grate.
4. Select the appropriate coal type, optimize the combustion conditions, control the combustion temperature and air volume, and avoid the occurrence of coking phenomenon. For the coking blocks that have already occurred, clean them up in time to reduce the rotational resistance of the grate and ensure the normal operation of the grate. Through in-depth analysis of the common faults of the chain grate and the adoption of targeted solutions, the occurrence of faults can be effectively reduced, the stable operation of the chain grate can be guaranteed, and the operating efficiency and safety of industrial boilers can be improved. In daily operation, the maintenance of the chain grate should also be strengthened, and the operating conditions of each component should be inspected regularly to detect and solve potential problems in time to ensure the smooth progress of industrial production.
